George Pal

George was born in Hungry in the year 1908, he started his career by getting accepted for an apprenticeship in Berlin. Within sixty days he was in charge of their cartoon production. 

Soon after George decided that he wanted to produce cartoon productions himself, but unfortunately there was not a single cartoon camera in Czechoslovakia. Whilst looking at stop motion camera's Pal was struck with a sudden idea. George came up with the idea of using puppets in his work and by using puppets he could use any camera to create his production. 

George Pal created 'replacement animation' in which multiple puppets were used to represent each action desired. The character would have numerous of different head with lots of different expressions for each. This took a large amount of time to do but once the heads were made, they would be re-used and would make production time much faster.  

This technique is used even now in 'The nightmare before christmas'. George Pal also created armatures which allows the puppet to move. Using different heads for the puppets means that Pal could create more realistic facial gestures. 

Pal had a large target audience that appealed to both young and old viewers, he used puppets, but used them in a way that the animations would appeal to all age types. 

I think George Pal's work is excellent he created something to make an industry advance although he nothing like Edison. He made stop motion more modern making it easier for films like flushed away and chicken run to make such quality films.